2019年10自学考试00015《英语(二)》串讲(六)

附加疑问句有下列几种形式：

(1)肯定陈述句+否定附加成分(附加成分除极为正式场合或老式英语中都要用缩略形式)

You sure get to see things differently,don’t you?

You’ve heard the news,haven’t you?

(2)否定的陈述句+肯定附加成分

Peter doesn’t smoke,does he?

The party won’t start until seven,will it?

10.附加疑问句的几点特殊用法(1)凡是带有no,none,no one,nobody,nothing,hardly,seldom,rarely,never,barely,few,little,neither等否定词的陈述句，都应看作否定陈述句，后面接肯定附加成分。

She seldom leaves the room in winter,does she?

People rarely go that far to that small village,do they?(2)当陈述句的主语everybody,everyone,someone,somebody,anyone,nobody,no one,neither,none时，附加成分中的代词一般用they。

Everyone at the party had a good time,didn’t they?

Neither of them said a word,did they?

(3)陈述部分是there引导的存在句时，附加成分由助动词或be的一种形式+there构成。

There is something wrong with the child,isn’t there?

There is nobody in the room,is there?

(4)陈述部分是肯定的I’m...结构时，附加成分为aren’t I。

I’m the doctor ,aren’t I?

I’m late,aren’t I?

(在老式或极为正式的英语中用：I am late,am I not?)

(5)陈述部分是一个带有that从句作宾语的主从结构时，附加成分应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。

You think(that) I did it,don’t you?

He didn’t say Mary would come,did he?

注意：当陈述部分的主句是I think,I suppose,I believe等时，附加成分往往与that从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要注意I don’t think等结构对从句的否定用法。

I suppose you are here to study,aren’t you?

I don’t think he came here just to say goodbye,did he?

I believe you are in urgent need of help,aren’t you?

如果想核实对方的看法是否与你一致，附加部分则与主句相应。

I think he’s the best person for the job,don’t you?

(6)在祈使句后加一个附加疑问成分可缓和语气，附加成分一般用will you和would you，但也可用won’t you或can’t you。

Open the window,would you?

Give me a hand,won’t you?

(7)Let’s 型祈使句中附加成分用shall we。

Let’s go for a walk,shall we?

Let’s get down to work,shall we?

(8)陈述部分带有used to时，附加成分用did形式，偶尔用used to形式。

He used to smoke fifty cigarettes a day ,didn’t he?

有的语法书将used not缩略式定为usedn’t to，这是老式的用法，现在很少有人使用。