全国2006年4月高等教育自学考试

国际商务英语试题

课程代码：05844

(请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上)

Ⅰ. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese（10%）

1.certificate of origin 产地证书

2.logistics物流

3.private carrier自有承运人

4.idle funds游资

5.barter易货、物物交换

6.balance of payment国际收支

7.grace period宽限期

8.patent专利

9.maturity到期

10.portfolio investment 证券投资

Ⅱ. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English（10%）

11.东道国host country．

12.从量税specific duty

13.还盘counter offer

14.可转让装运单据negotiable transport document

15.补偿贸易compensation trade 16.直接标价direct quote

17.跟单汇票documentary draft

18.不可撤销信用证irrevocable credit

19.资金周转capital turnover

20.领事发票consular invoice

Ⅲ.Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right （10%）

21.subrogate (d) a. one form of action which may be taken by a government to protect industries

from unfair competition by which goods are sold at a price lower than in the

country where they are manufactured

22.underwriter(e) b. company expansion through the purchase of other business

23.purchase contract (i) c. the act of government in reducing by law the exchange value of its currency in

units of gold or as compared with other currencies

24.invoice (f) d. to substitute a claim against one person for a claim against another person

25.devaluation (C) e. a person who carries on insurance as a business

26.anti-dumping (a) f. a document for the general description of the goods and the price

27.acquisition (b) g. the importer that goes to a bank for the establishment of an L/C

28.offeree (j) h. the bank that adds its own commitment to an L/C

29.applicant of an L/C (g) i. a contract made by the buyer

30.confirming bank (h) j.the party to whom an offer is made

Ⅳ. Make brief explanations of the following terms in English（10%）

31.premium：the amount paid by all insured for coverage under the contract

32. Sight credit: a credit by which payment can be made upon presentation of the draft

33.contract proper：the main body of a contract

34. Force majeure: social or natural calamities that take place beyond the control of a contracting party

35.Primary commodities：those commodities not processed，or only slightly processed，usually farm produce

or raw materials.

Ⅴ. Answer the following questions in English（20%）

1

36.Explain the concepts of GNP and GDP respectively and point out their major difference.

GNP refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy．GDP means the market value of all goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy.The difference between GNP and GDP is that the former focuses on ownership of the factors of production while the latter concentrates on the place where production takes place．

37.What is the most favoured nation treatment? Is it a very special treatment? why?

It refers to a tariff treatment under which a country is required to extend to all signatories any tariff concessions granted to any participating country．N0．It is not a very special treatment．It only gives a country the lowest tariffs within the tariffs schedule．

38.Can you summarize briefly the factors that have caused the changes in the transportation

industry?

The four factors are as follows：transportation deregulation，just-in-time inventory systems，competition based on high levels of customer service and globalization of business．

39.What does “foreign equities” refer to? Is it becoming an important part of securities

business?

Foreign equities refer to securities listed on overseas exchanges．Yes．

Ⅵ.Translate the following into Chinese（10%）

40.UNCTAD is the intergovernmental body within the UN system for comprehensive review of trade, development and other related issues. UNCTAD is designed to promote trade and economic development of all countries, particularly developing countries. Over the 40-plus years since its founding, UNCTAD has played an important role in fostering North-South dialogue and cooperation, promoting trade and economic development of the developing countries and assisting them in speeding up integration into the multilateral trading economy.

联合国贸易与发展会议是联合国系统内政府间的机构'．它的设立是为了全面回顾、发展贸易并进行有关其他事项。贸发会议旨在促进所有国家，尤其是发展中国家的经济和贸易的发展。它自成立40多年来，在促进南北对话和合作、促进发展中国家经济贸易进步、帮助这些国家加快步伐融人多边贸易体系上都起到了重要作用。

41.Allowing foreign banks to enter the Chinese market will exert a positive influence on domestic banks, making Chinese banks more competitive, introducing new technology and information and providing additional funds. But in the short and not-so-long term future after foreign banks enter the Chinese market, these banks will be able to use lower prices and efficient services, including such services as tele-banking, to win over a large number of customers from domestic banks, especially prized customers. This will result in a cut in the amount of funds in the hands of domestic banks. The toughest challenge the government will face will be to eliminate bad debts, implement cautious and standard risk management models, and tighten up bank administration so that domestic banks can adapt to international competition.

允许外国银行进入中国市场将对国内银行产生积极影响，使其更具有竞争力，引进新技术新信息并提供更多资金。但是在短期和不太长的时期内，外国银行进入中国市场将能利用低廉的价格和高效的服务，包括远程银行

2

服务，从国内银行拉走大量客户，尤其是受重视的客户。这将导致国内银行手中掌握的资金减少。政府面临的最严峻的挑战是消除坏帐，执行谨慎、规范的经营模式，加强对银行的管理，以使国内银行能适应国际竞争力。Ⅶ. Translate the following into English（30%）

42.比较利益并不是一个静止的概念，一个国家可以通过自己的行动发展某种特定的比较利益。

Comparative Advantage is not a static concept. A country may develop particular comparative advantage through its own action.

43.经济联盟的成员国不仅要在税收、政府开支、企业策略等方面保持一致，而且还应该使用同一的货币。

The members of an economic .union are required not only to harmonize their taxation, government expenditure, industry policies, etc., but also use the same currency.

44.除了国际贸易和投资，国际许可和特许经营有时也是进入国外市场的一种方式。

Besides trade and investment, international licensing and franchising are some times taken as a means of entering a foreign market.

45.保险是一种转移机制。通过保险个人或企业可以将生活中的一些不确定因素转移给其他人。

Insurance is a risk transfer mechanism, by which the individual or the business enterprise can shift some of the uncertainty of life to the shoulders of others.

46.包装需按运输的要求进行, 在大多数情况下，卖方明确知道把货物安全地运到目的地所需要的包装。

Packing should be made according to the requirement of transportation. In most cases, the seller knows clearly the particular type of packing required for transporting the goods safely to destination.

3